In the 20th century, local economies in these states specialized in large-scale manufacturing of finished medium to heavy industrial and consumer products, as well as the transportation and processing of the raw materials required for heavy industry. and further decreasing The Great Lakes megalopolis shown in orange is associated with the Rust Belt. New England was also hit hard by industrial decline during the same era, but cities closer to the East Coast, including the New York metropolitan area and Greater Boston adapted by diversifying or transforming their economies to shift focus towards services, advanced manufacturing, and high-tech industries.īackground Change in total number of manufacturing jobs in metropolitan areas between 1954–2002 figures for New England are from 1958. The region has experienced economic distress and a resulting decline in population. Since the mid-20th century, heavy industry has declined in these regions, which previously was the nation's industrial heartland. Geographically, the Rust Belt includes Central New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Indiana, Illinois, the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, southeastern Wisconsin, parts of Kentucky, and the St. beginning in the 1980s when it was commonly contrasted with the Sun Belt, which was surging. The term Rust Belt refers to the impact of deindustrialization, economic decline, population loss, and urban decay on these regions attributable to the shrinking of the once-powerful industrial sector especially including steelmaking, automobile manufacturing, and coal mining. In some cases, it is a trend that persists in the 21st century. GDP peaked in 1953 and has been in decline since, impacting certain regions and cities primarily in the Northeast and Midwest regions of the U.S., including Allentown, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Jersey City, Newark, Pittsburgh, Rochester, Toledo, Trenton, Youngstown, and other areas of New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Upstate New York.īeginning in the late 20th century, the Rust Belt began experiencing the elimination or outsourcing of manufacturing jobs. manufacturing sector as a percentage of the U.S. The Rust Belt is a region of the United States that experienced industrial decline starting in the 1950s. The company filed bankruptcy in 2001 and was dissolved in 2003. In 1982, however, Bethlehem Steel suspended most of its manufacturing. The rusting steel stacks of Bethlehem Steel in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, one of the world's largest manufacturers of steel for most of the 20th century. Region in the US affected by industrial decline
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